Bread is an absolute staple in typical Portuguese households, thus the news that it is likely to rise again in 2023 will not be welcome. ACIP, the association of commerce and baking industry, stresses “much will depend on the variation in prices of raw materials and energy, but is is very likely that bread will increase, not least because of the impact of the increase in the national minimum wage”. According to the association, only part of the increases so far have been reflected in the price paid by the consumer, with the remainder having been borne by producers who have thus seen a drop in their profit margins.